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The active material of storage battery pole plate is lead dioxide and porous metal lead respectively. In the long-term role of the battery constantly charging and discharging, the active material of the plate redox reaction, volume changes, expansion, contraction repeatedly, the active material gradually becomes soft and shedding, especially the positive plate is more obvious, should be regarded as normal. Some lead-acid batteries have a large amount of early active material shedding, it is an abnormal phenomenon. Its characteristics are: capacity decreases, temperature rises, electrolyte is cloudy, precipitation gas volume is large.

The causes of active substance shedding are:

  1. Too much charging current, too long, too high temperature, generating a large amount of hydrogen and oxygen bodies, excessive impact on the active material.
  2. Often over-discharged, generating a large amount of lead sulfate, excessive expansion of volume, and decrease of bonding force.
  3. Low density of electrolyte, the electrolyte freezes in the cold season, the active material is swollen and cracked by ice crystals, and loses the bonding force.
  4. High density of electrolyte, high corrosiveness, decrease of mechanical strength of active substance, as well as internal short circuit and other factors.
  5. Often over-charged, the active material is over-oxidized and loosened, the plate grid is corroded and loses the ability to carry the active material.
  6. Often in high temperature charging, the positive active material forms mud softening, easy to fall off.
  7. Long-term high current charging and discharging, the pole plate is bent, the active material is poorly attached and easy to fall off.
  8. The storage battery is excessively vibrated in the vehicle equipment, which leads to shedding.
  9. Impurities into the battery, alkaline substances will cause the negative porous metal lead expansion, shedding.
  10. Due to the problem of manufacturing quality, the plate grid is not firmly combined with the active material, and a large amount of active material lumps fall off.

Anatomical examination of the status quo of active material shedding on the pole plate is:

  • A large amount of precipitate is silted at the bottom of the battery, the pole plate shows exposed plate grid bars, there is a large amount of lead flocculation on both sides of the pole plate group, and the electrolyte is turbid and iron blue in color.
  • The color of precipitate is gray-brown, which means more iron and copper debris; the precipitate is light blue or gray-white, which means high density of electrolyte in the battery.
  • The precipitate is paste, which means the battery appears to have high temperature rise; it is lumpy, which means there are congenital factors in manufacturing.